Things to Consider Before Starting Wall Plastering

Difference Between Prismatic Compass and Surveyors Compass

Major Problems in Using Pumping for Concreting Works - Civil Snapshot

Major Problems in Using Pumping for Concreting Works - Civil Snapshot: In pumping operation, the force exerted by pumps must overcome the friction between concrete and the pumping pipes, the weight of concrete and the pressure head when placing concrete above the pumps. In fact, as only water is pumpable, it is the water in the concrete that transfers the pressure.

Columns and Classification of Columns - Civil Snapshot

Columns and Classification of Columns - Civil Snapshot: A column is defined as a vertical compression member which is mainly subjected to axial loads and the effective length of which exceeds three times its least lateral dimension. Columns are classified based on different criteria such as

Characteristics of Aggregates - Civil Snapshot

Characteristics of Aggregates - Civil Snapshot: Aggregates must conform to certain requirements and should consist of clean, hard, strong, and durable particles free of chemicals, coatings of clay, or other fine materials that may affect the hydration and bond of the cement paste. The characteristics of the aggregates influence the properties of the concrete.

Behaviour of composite beams

ABSTRACT

                    Built-up I-sections have been extensively used whenever standard I-sections could not satisfy the moment carrying and shear capacities required. In these built up sections it has been common practice to use more steel in webs rather flanges. This results in uneconomical sections as steel is an expensive material. So introducing corrugated profile in web reduced the web instability and also the need for providing transverse stiffeners. But, even after in corrugated webs and lateral stiffeners, effects like lateral torsional buckling were observed. Thus measures other than providing conventional transverse stiffeners and corrugated webs were to be found. This paper deals with the investigation on Behaviour of encased cold formed built up I section with trapezoidally corrugated web and encased cold formed built up I section with plane web, under two point loading by varying H/T ratio of the beam specimen. The experimental results of encased trapezoidally corrugated web and that of plane web are compared and the behaviour and failure modes are discussed. Encasing the corrugated web of steel beam with concrete could improve the resistance to transverse deflections.

Tallest Building

• Burj Dubai is the tallest man-made structure in the world, surpassing the KVLY-TV tower in North Dakota as well as Warszawa radio mast, the previous tallest structure ever built.
• The Burj Dubai had its name officially changed to Burj Khalifa during its grand opening in honor of the president of the U.A.E. H.H. Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed al Nahyan.
• Engineers working on the design considered installing triple-decker elevators, which would have been the first in the world. In fact, the realized building uses double-decker elevators.
• The condensation water collected from the A/C system equals to 20 Olympic-sized swimming pools per year and in turn, used for landscaping.
• Over 330,000 cubic meters of concrete and 31,400 metric tonnes of steel rebar was used at the completion of the tower.
• The tower is situated on a man-made lake which is designed to wrap around the tower and to provide dramatic views of it.
• The top of the building contains a public observation deck and a private club above that.
• Burj Dubai features sky lobbies on levels 43, 76 and 123. These spaces offer fitness and spa facilities. The lobbies on levels 43 and 76 each have a swimming pool and a recreational room for receptions and other gatherings.
• This is the first world's tallest building since prehistoric times to include residential space.
• The cladding system is designed to withstand Dubai's extreme summer temperatures.
• The exterior cladding is of reflective glazing with aluminium and textured stainless steel spandrel panels with vertical tubular fins of stainless steel.
• A total of 45,000 cubic metres of concrete are used in the foundations with a weight in excess of 110,000 tonnes.
• The building sits on a concrete and steel podium with 192 piles descending to a depth of more than 50 metres (164 feet).
• The building was rotated 120 degrees to allow for less stress from the prevailing winds.
• An observation deck will occupy the 124th floor.
• The highest residential floor will be level 109.
• "Burj" is Arabic for "Tower".
• The design by Skidmore Owings & Merrill replaces a plan to reuse the design for grollo tower, which was proposed in Melbourne a few years earlier.
• Burj Dubai became the world's tallest high-rise building on July 24, 2007, and the world's tallest self-supporting structure on September 12, 2007.
• Designed by Adrian D. Smith, FAIA, RIBA Design Partner at Skidmore Owings & Merrill LLP.
• Although the building's shape resembles the bundled tube concept of the willis tower, it is structurally very different and is technically not a tube structure.
• A subtle reference to the onion domes of Islamic architecture can be found in the building's silhouette when looking up at the lobes from near the base.
• The triple-lobed footprint of the building is based on an abstracted desert flower native to the region.
• The maximum elevator speed is 600 m/min