Major Problems in Using Pumping for Concreting Works - Civil Snapshot

Major Problems in Using Pumping for Concreting Works - Civil Snapshot: In pumping operation, the force exerted by pumps must overcome the friction between concrete and the pumping pipes, the weight of concrete and the pressure head when placing concrete above the pumps. In fact, as only water is pumpable, it is the water in the concrete that transfers the pressure.

Columns and Classification of Columns - Civil Snapshot

Columns and Classification of Columns - Civil Snapshot: A column is defined as a vertical compression member which is mainly subjected to axial loads and the effective length of which exceeds three times its least lateral dimension. Columns are classified based on different criteria such as

Characteristics of Aggregates - Civil Snapshot

Characteristics of Aggregates - Civil Snapshot: Aggregates must conform to certain requirements and should consist of clean, hard, strong, and durable particles free of chemicals, coatings of clay, or other fine materials that may affect the hydration and bond of the cement paste. The characteristics of the aggregates influence the properties of the concrete.